Gall Bladder

GALL BLADDER

• The Gall Bladder is situated on the inferior aspect of the liver, medial and interior to the kidney and lateral and interior to the I.V.C Its is a tear shape and varies in size .The Gall Bladder may contain a kink close to the neck it is divided to the fundus the body and the neck

PREPRATION OF THE PATIENT

• For the visualization of Gall Bladder in a patient it must be full distended. The Gall Bladder will only be fully distended when the patient is hungry.
• The Gall Bladder is cystic cavities, which contain bile salt, oblique in nature and sono graphically anechoic. Therefore its pathology can only be rule out when it is in full distended but when it is not fully riled we are not able to see the inner side of the gall bladder and in this way we may missed all of its pathology even the stone

PATHOLOGY OF THE GALL BLADDER (GALL STONE )

• Gall stones are seen with acute and chronic cholecystitis but may bee found in symptoms of patient as well there may be six different sono graphically appearances
• (A). Gall stone & shadowing if the stone is >2.5mm a stone surrounded by bile appear as a dense echogenic structure within fluidIf a stone is 3.5mm in size the shadow will appear to posterior to gall stone
• (B) Gall stone with out shadowing small stones may not be associated & shadowing.
• (C) Gravels if may small stones are present they will layer out in the most depended portion of the gall bladder .It is impossible to discern each separate stones Along the posterior aspect of gall bladder shadowing may or may not be seen
• (D) Gall Debris some time when the gall bladder contain many stone and muddy martial , no echo free bile can be seen around them a mud or debris riled in the gall bladder situation is seen
• (E) Stone on fluid level Occasionally stone float and will be seen on the fluid level with in the gall bladder the stones appears singly or as an echoginictive
• (F) Adherent stones small adherent stones may appear as echoic in gall bladder will out shadowing .

GALL BLADDER WALL OEDEMA

• As we know G.B must always be examined sono graphically when it is fully distended. Normally full distended gall bladder wall thickness is not measure able but when there is gall bladder wall oedema present we can easily measured its thickness.
• The same situation is present when GB is not fully distended or when gall bladder is shrunken .It means that when GB is partially filled .its wall gives thickness which can be measurable
• This measure able wall thickness is not any pathological condition but may be a normal we are not able to rule out the gall bladder wall oedema with out its distention.

CHOLESTEROL DEPOSITION IN GALL BLADDER

• In gall bladder when there is cholesterol particular present sonographically .we can see the presence of comic fail lobe images in the gall bladder . These comic fail are actually the cholesterol particular floating or depositing in the gall bladder

MUCOCOELE GALL BLADDER

• A space or organ distended with mucus for exp it may occur in the gall bladder when the exit duct becomes obstructed so that the mucus secretions or retained and dilate the cavity of the organ a mucocoele in soft tissues arising form a salivary gland accurse when the duct is blocked or ruptured . It is a sterile distention of gall bladder with a stone impacted in the neck of the gall bladder . This type of gall bladder distention later on become infects

Pyocele Gall Bladder

• A swelling caused by an accumulation of pus in a part of the body. It is not a sterile distention of gall bladder pout pus is present here in pyocele acute abdomen is present there tuberous abnormalities in gall bladder a Sámi partial

MALIGNANCY

Describing a tumor that invades and destroy the tissue in which it originates and can spread to other sites in the body via the blood stream and lymphatic system.1.cancet 2.benige tumor This is a very beginning stage of the malignancy of a small portion of gall bladder is become infiltrated due to the presence of timorous growth.

PARTIAL OF MALLEGNANCY

• It is some what in advance stage of malignancy some what more area of the gall bladder become infiltrated which shows the enlargement of the timorous growth with in the gall bladder.

Highly Malignancy of Gall Bladder

• This is a maximum advance stage of malignancy of gall bladder. Most of the areas of gall bladder become infiltrated.

Polly Pandunculated tumor of Gall Bladder

• In this case a tumor attached with gall bladder walls by this stage is seen this type of tumor usually the size is 1 cm. For the confirmation of the nature of the tumor follow up scanning is needed.

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